黎巴嫩老年大学
简介
黎巴嫩国家文化简介
Lebanon at the crossroads of culture
A tiny country of 10452 square meters, lying on the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean, Lebanon has always been a multi-cultural country that assimilated people of various ethnic and religious origins. The geography of Lebanon singles it out: lush green mountains overlooking a rich plain, a stretch of beach that runs along the south-north axis, a climate that has four distinct seasons and the abundance of snow and water have always made it a prize to conquer by invaders in history.
This explains the adaptability of the Lebanese to various cultures. They have lived with the Greeks, the Persians, the Egyptians, the Cruisaders, the Ottomans, the French and various other peoples; and being traders that crossed seas and oceans to buy and sell merchandise, they acquired skills that place the at the center of cross cultural experience and knowhow. Its population of 4 million includes people of 17 different confessions including Christians (Maronites, Orthodox, Catholics, Copts, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Protestants), Shiites, Sunnis, Druze, Jews that lived in harmony most of the time throughout the ages. This mosaic has produced individuals that have a wide understanding and respect of others and has provided an example of tolerance and conviviality.
The main characteristic of the Lebanese individual is hope. Hope no matter what the current situation is. Another is an acute sense of business inherited from his Phoenician ancestors who roamed the seas to buy and sell goods. A third is his sense of hospitality. Tourists in Lebanon leave with a great souvenir of the people and their kindness. The hotel industry was developed well before most other countries in the Middle East and tourism in contemporary times started in the 50’s with the golden age reached in the late 60’s and early 70’s. After a break due to the 1975-1990 unrest and conflict, tourism picked up again and reached new heights with most 5-star chain hotels opening in Beirut and other cities. In the early 2000’s various forms of tourism emerged: eco-tourism, religious tourism, medical tourism, health and wellness tourism rose as traditional cultural and recreational tourism rose in parallel and regional tourism is now in full development with many families turning old homes into renovated “maison d’hôtes”.
The Lebanese cuisine had acquired a world reputation for its variety and refinement and has been a main element of promotion of Lebanon as a tourist destination. Another cultural element of prominence is the arts. The movie industry has seen a tremendous development especially in the last ten years and music production places Lebanon at the forefront of Arab countries. The openness of the Lebanese has resulted in a mix of music events that cater to all tendencies and tastes: from Oriental to Jazz including Arab and Western pop, techno and rave, and classical. Another result of this openness is the mix of architectural design that characterizes most cities in Lebanon. Old traditional Lebanese houses now lay side by side with impressive steel and glass towers in Beirut while villas of Swiss design dot the snow resorts landscape. The education is Lebanon has always been its strength: the Lebanese have taught Arabic to Arabs at the end of the Ottoman occupation in the early 1920’s and started newspapers and publishing houses in several Arab countries, starting thus the Arab Renaissance.
黎巴嫩是一个国土面积仅10452平方米，坐落在地中海东海岸的小国，它一直拥有多元文化和不同种族与宗教的人民。黎巴嫩的地理别具特点：郁郁葱葱的青山俯瞰肥沃的平原，沿着南北中轴延伸的海滩，四季分明的气候和充足的雨水使历史上的它成为侵略者的奖品。
这充分解释了黎巴嫩能适应各种文化的原因。他们曾与希腊人、波斯人、埃及人、巡洋人、奥斯曼人、法国人和其他民族生活在一起;他们是跨越海洋买卖商品的商人，他们掌握了在跨文化经验和知识的中心地位。
黎巴嫩拥有400万人口，其中包括17种不同教派的人：基督教徒(马龙派、东正教、天主教徒、科普特人、亚述人、迦勒底人、新教徒…)、什叶派、逊尼派、德鲁兹和犹太人，大多数时间他们都生活在和谐之中。这让黎巴嫩人成为了理解和尊重他人的民族，同时充满了欢乐与宽容。
黎巴嫩人的主要个性是无论条件如何都充满希望；其次是从腓尼基祖先那里遗传下来的商业意识，腓尼基祖先曾远跨重洋买卖货物；第三点便是热情好客，前往黎巴嫩旅游的游客们总是能带着当地人的善意和纪念品满意的离开。黎巴嫩的酒店业很发达，早在50年代就开始发展，到60年代末和70年代初是黄金时期，早于大多数中东国家。在1975年至1990年的动乱与冲突中受到影响，但这之后黎巴嫩的旅游业再次走上巅峰，在贝鲁特和其他城市开设了多家5星级连锁酒店。2000年初，各种各样的旅游形式出现了：除了以生态旅游、宗教旅游、医疗保健旅游为代表的传统旅游方式，还有将休闲与地域相结合的旅游方式正在兴起，许多家庭将他们的老房子改造成“民宿”。
黎巴嫩的饮食以其多样性和精致而享誉全球，并一直是促使黎巴嫩成为旅游目的地的主要因素；另一项突出的文化因素是艺术。在过去的十年里，电影业取得了巨大的发展，音乐制作的水平使黎巴嫩名列阿拉伯国家的前茅。性情开放的黎巴嫩人开展了一系列迎合所有口味的音乐活动：从东方音乐到西方爵士乐，包括阿拉伯和西方流行音乐、电子乐和古典乐。这种开放的性情也让黎巴嫩的城市建筑别具特色。在贝鲁特，传统的黎巴嫩老房子与令人印象深刻的玻璃塔并排屹立，而瑞士设计师设计的别墅则映衬着雪景。黎巴嫩的教育同样令人瞩目：1920年初，在奥斯曼土耳其人占领结束后，黎巴嫩人向阿拉伯人教授阿拉伯语，并在一些阿拉伯国家创办报纸和出版社，阿拉伯的文艺复兴由此开始。
Lebanon at the crossroads of culture
This explains the adaptability of the Lebanese to various cultures. They have lived with the Greeks, the Persians, the Egyptians, the Cruisaders, the Ottomans, the French and various other peoples; and being traders that crossed seas and oceans to buy and sell merchandise, they acquired skills that place the at the center of cross cultural experience and knowhow. Its population of 4 million includes people of 17 different confessions including Christians (Maronites, Orthodox, Catholics, Copts, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Protestants), Shiites, Sunnis, Druze, Jews that lived in harmony most of the time throughout the ages. This mosaic has produced individuals that have a wide understanding and respect of others and has provided an example of tolerance and conviviality.
The main characteristic of the Lebanese individual is hope. Hope no matter what the current situation is. Another is an acute sense of business inherited from his Phoenician ancestors who roamed the seas to buy and sell goods. A third is his sense of hospitality. Tourists in Lebanon leave with a great souvenir of the people and their kindness. The hotel industry was developed well before most other countries in the Middle East and tourism in contemporary times started in the 50’s with the golden age reached in the late 60’s and early 70’s. After a break due to the 1975-1990 unrest and conflict, tourism picked up again and reached new heights with most 5-star chain hotels opening in Beirut and other cities. In the early 2000’s various forms of tourism emerged: eco-tourism, religious tourism, medical tourism, health and wellness tourism rose as traditional cultural and recreational tourism rose in parallel and regional tourism is now in full development with many families turning old homes into renovated “maison d’hôtes”.
The Lebanese cuisine had acquired a world reputation for its variety and refinement and has been a main element of promotion of Lebanon as a tourist destination. Another cultural element of prominence is the arts. The movie industry has seen a tremendous development especially in the last ten years and music production places Lebanon at the forefront of Arab countries. The openness of the Lebanese has resulted in a mix of music events that cater to all tendencies and tastes: from Oriental to Jazz including Arab and Western pop, techno and rave, and classical. Another result of this openness is the mix of architectural design that characterizes most cities in Lebanon. Old traditional Lebanese houses now lay side by side with impressive steel and glass towers in Beirut while villas of Swiss design dot the snow resorts landscape. The education is Lebanon has always been its strength: the Lebanese have taught Arabic to Arabs at the end of the Ottoman occupation in the early 1920’s and started newspapers and publishing houses in several Arab countries, starting thus the Arab Renaissance.
这充分解释了黎巴嫩能适应各种文化的原因。他们曾与希腊人、波斯人、埃及人、巡洋人、奥斯曼人、法国人和其他民族生活在一起;他们是跨越海洋买卖商品的商人，他们掌握了在跨文化经验和知识的中心地位。
黎巴嫩拥有400万人口，其中包括17种不同教派的人：基督教徒(马龙派、东正教、天主教徒、科普特人、亚述人、迦勒底人、新教徒…)、什叶派、逊尼派、德鲁兹和犹太人，大多数时间他们都生活在和谐之中。这让黎巴嫩人成为了理解和尊重他人的民族，同时充满了欢乐与宽容。
黎巴嫩人的主要个性是无论条件如何都充满希望；其次是从腓尼基祖先那里遗传下来的商业意识，腓尼基祖先曾远跨重洋买卖货物；第三点便是热情好客，前往黎巴嫩旅游的游客们总是能带着当地人的善意和纪念品满意的离开。黎巴嫩的酒店业很发达，早在50年代就开始发展，到60年代末和70年代初是黄金时期，早于大多数中东国家。在1975年至1990年的动乱与冲突中受到影响，但这之后黎巴嫩的旅游业再次走上巅峰，在贝鲁特和其他城市开设了多家5星级连锁酒店。2000年初，各种各样的旅游形式出现了：除了以生态旅游、宗教旅游、医疗保健旅游为代表的传统旅游方式，还有将休闲与地域相结合的旅游方式正在兴起，许多家庭将他们的老房子改造成“民宿”。
黎巴嫩的饮食以其多样性和精致而享誉全球，并一直是促使黎巴嫩成为旅游目的地的主要因素；另一项突出的文化因素是艺术。在过去的十年里，电影业取得了巨大的发展，音乐制作的水平使黎巴嫩名列阿拉伯国家的前茅。性情开放的黎巴嫩人开展了一系列迎合所有口味的音乐活动：从东方音乐到西方爵士乐，包括阿拉伯和西方流行音乐、电子乐和古典乐。这种开放的性情也让黎巴嫩的城市建筑别具特色。在贝鲁特，传统的黎巴嫩老房子与令人印象深刻的玻璃塔并排屹立，而瑞士设计师设计的别墅则映衬着雪景。黎巴嫩的教育同样令人瞩目：1920年初，在奥斯曼土耳其人占领结束后，黎巴嫩人向阿拉伯人教授阿拉伯语，并在一些阿拉伯国家创办报纸和出版社，阿拉伯的文艺复兴由此开始。
